Excellent points Travis!
I'd like to add my 2 cents on 1 point in particular and that 1 point does slightly differ from Travis's point #2 ....this may be harsh and sweeping (and I'm not fond of sweeping statements) but anyway... NEVER shoot in P mode. (On my Canon the P mode is 100% automatic - I am assuming that's what we are talking about here)
It's a waste of money to by an SLR and shoot in P mode...as you learn basically nothing from that mode. The camera makes all the decisions and the camera has NO idea what it is looking at, only you do.
I only use 3 modes 99.9% of the time. Aperture priority, manual, and shutter priority. I as the photographer TELL my camera how to shoot the scene. I never let my camera guess the scene. At the end of the day your main decisions will be lighting, aperture choice and shutter speed choice. Don't let your camera's smaller 'brain' decide the shot for you if you want to learn.
Hope that helps,
marko
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