There aren't really any concrete settings, although the 'Sunny 16' rule is a very good guide. I usually tote my old Luna Pro around in my bag, but if I didn't have it there are one of two things, in addition to the 'Sunny 16' rule that could be used:
1. Set the camera to manual, meter the scene and open it up 1 1/2 - 2 stops, make the exposure and look at it on the cameras LCD screen; if you see nice, bright white snow with little or no clipping, you're good to go, if it's still got a grey cast, open up another half stop, if you see a lot of clipping (blown highlights) close down one third - one half stop.
2. Buy a grey card from your local camera store (< $20) and put that in an area of average brightness, set your meter mode to spot, and take the reading from the grey card. This gives the meter something with the reflectivity it expects to see. If you don't have or don't want to get a grey card, then you can use your built in one - again, set the camera to manual and the meter mode to spot, then meter the palm of your hand, and open up one full stop from there.
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